溫習一下你的救生技巧，準備去幫助一個在湖中或游泳池里掙扎的落水者。
　　  第一步：直視離你最近的那個人的眼睛，嚴肅地要求他撥打110。
　　  假如你面對的是一個在湖水或游泳池里掙扎但仍有意識的溺水者，請記住以下規(guī)則：
　　  先投物后下水。始終牢記，在下水前先投下某個可漂浮的物體——任何能漂浮的東西都行。附近有無營救器材？有的話就扔下去。有空的冷藏箱嗎？有就扔下去。自己跳水只能作為最后的手段。
　　  在幫助一名仍有意識的溺水者時，你的責任就是讓受害者平靜下來，并幫助他浮起來，哪怕這意味著用一件T恤把他拽到岸上。
　　  如果營救對象是一個在泳池里喪失意識的人，你必須立刻跳入水中，嘗試通過身體接觸來營救他。
　　  在本頁的虛擬場景中，營救人員判斷那個失去了意識的溺水者并未遭受脊柱損傷。在要求一名旁觀者撥打110后，他決定借助一個助浮物來實施雙腋拖曳。一旦到達泳池邊，他就動員一個幫手將溺水者垂直拉出水面。切記：一定要請專業(yè)醫(yī)務人員對溺水者進行檢查，即便他恢復了意識、看起來好像沒有大礙。
伸手，投物，劃靠，入水。即使在營救中必須迅速行動，你也必須做到頭腦先行。記住以下營救方法的順序：伸手（如果溺水者還有意識且靠近水邊），投物（把漂浮器材扔向掙扎中的泳者），劃靠（如果你在船上），入水（如果你能輕易地游向溺水者）。

伸手施救法
　　  何時使用：如果溺水者仍有意識，且靠近泳池邊或離碼頭較近。
　　  如何做：臥倒，伸出一只手或腿，把溺水者拉回岸邊。不要站立，因為溺水者的重量可使一個準備不足的營救者栽入水中。如果你夠不著溺水者的話，則可使用任何現(xiàn)有的物件，比如桿子，劃槳或襯衣。
投物施救法
　　  何時使用：如果落水者仍有意識，但是你的手夠不著或用于施救的物件也夠不著他的話。
如何做：把助浮物投給溺水者，最好是一端有繩與你相連，這樣你可以把他拉上來。在尋找助浮物同時要留意溺水者，這樣如果他沉入水下你可以跟蹤他的位置。
劃靠施救法
何時使用：如果用投物施救法仍夠不著溺水者的話用此方法。劃靠施救通常比在水中游向溺水者更快更安全。在船上可就地實施人工呼吸（或稱CPR），而不必把溺水者拽回岸邊再進行。
如何做：當靠近溺水者時，拋給他一個供個人使用的漂浮器材或者把一只劃槳伸過去。始終留意溺水者，以防他沉入水中。

Be prepared to help a struggling swimmer at the lake or at the pool by brushing up on2 your lifesaving skills.
　　First step: Look the closest person to you in the eye and sternly instruct him to call 110.
　　If you’re faced with a conscious, struggling swimmer in a pond or lake, remember the rule:
　　Throw before you go. Always try to throw anything that floats—and we mean anything— before heading into the water. Is there a rescue3 device nearby? Throw it. An empty cooler? Throw it. Jump into the water yourself only as a last resort4.
When assisting a conscious swimmer, your role is to calm the victim and provide flotation5 help, even if that means dragging him to shore with a T-shirt.
If you’re dealing with an unconscious individual in a pool, you’ll have to head straight into the water and attempt a contact rescue.
In the fictional6 scenario on this page, the rescuer has determined that the unconscious victim does not have a spinal7 injury. After instructing a bystander8 to call 110, he makes the decision to perform a double armpit9 tow10 with the help of a flotation aid. Once he reaches the edge of the pool, he recruits11 a helper to perform a vertical lift of the victim. Remember: Always have a near-drowning victim checked by a medical professional, even if he regains consciousness and appears to be O.K.
Reach, Throw, Row, Go. Even though you must act quickly in a rescue situation, you also must think before you act. Remember the order of rescue methods: reach (if the victim is conscious and close to the water’s edge), throw (a flotation device to a struggling swimmer), row (if you’re on a boat in the water) and go (if you can easily swim to the victim).

Reaching Rescue
When to Use It: If the victim is conscious and is close to the edge of the pool or near a dock.
　　What to Do: Lie down, extend a hand or leg and pull the victim to the side. Do not stand up, as the weight from the victim can topple12 an unprepared rescuer. If the victim is beyond your reach, use any available object such as a pole, paddle13 or shirt.
Throwing Rescue
When to Use It: If a conscious victim is beyond your reach and beyond the reach of any object that can be used to extend your reach.
What to Do: Throw the victim an aid, preferably14 one with a line attached15 so you can pull him in. While searching for an aid, keep one eye on the victim so you can track him if he goes under.
Rowing Rescue
When to Use It: If the victim is beyond the reach of a throwing rescue. A boat rescue is usually faster and safer than swimming out to a victim. The boat can provide a spot for rescue breathing or CPR16 without having to drag the victim all the way back to the shore.
What to Do: As you approach the victim, throw him a personal flotation device or reach to him with an oar. Always keep your eyes on the victim in case he goes under.

1. aquatic adj. 水上的，水中的
2. brush up on 復習；練習
3. rescue v. 營救，救援
4. resort  n. 手段，對策
5. flotation  n. 漂浮
6. fictional adj. 虛構(gòu)的，小說式的
7. spinal  adj. 脊柱的
8. bystander  n. 旁觀者
9. armpit  n. 腋窩
10. tow n. 拖，拽
11. recruit v. 勸說；招募

12. topple v. 倒下，倒塌
13. paddle n. 船槳
14. preferably  adv. 更可取地，寧可
15. attach  v. 系，縛
16. CPR 心肺復蘇
17. pinpoint  v. 精確定位
18. reevaluate  v. 重新評估
19. escort  v. 護送